Self-Leadership : An Essential Quality For Mankind

The subject of leadership is commonly regarded as a concept pertaining exclusively to individuals who occupy positions of authority or lead subordinates. However, it is worth reflecting on the meaning of the hadith classified as sahih (authentic) in this context and comparing its implications with the conventional understanding of leadership. Narrated ‘Abdullah bin Umar:  

Allah’s Messenger said, “Surely! Everyone of you is a guardian and is responsible for his charges: The Imam (ruler) of the people is a guardian and is responsible for his subjects; a man is the guardian of his family (household) and is responsible for his subjects; a woman is the guardian of her husband’s home and of his children and is responsible for them; and the slave of a man is a guardian of his master’s property and is responsible for it. Surely, everyone of you is a guardian and responsible for his charges.”

The meaning of this hadith clearly illustrates that leadership extends beyond individuals who bear formal titles such as “chief,” “ruler,” “father,” or similar designations. Even a servant who fulfils his duties for his master is encompassed within the concept of leadership.

The aforementioned hadith reveals that self-leadership has long been emphasised in Islam. This principle calls for its application at the personal level, within the family unit, and subsequently at broader societal levels. This perspective underscores the universality and timeless relevance of leadership in Islamic teachings, transcending hierarchical positions and emphasising individual responsibility.

Self-leadership serves as a fundamental prerequisite for effective leadership. The ability to lead others is inherently tied to one’s capacity for self-governance. Rather than exerting control over others, self-leadership is rooted in intentional responsibility, characterised by the deliberate creation of a meaningful and purpose-driven life. It involves setting personal goals and managing one’s emotions and behaviours to achieve them, thereby modeling exemplary conduct. Leaders who demonstrate strong self-leadership foster environments that enhance engagement, collaboration, and productivity, while also cultivating organisational loyalty.

Self-leadership fundamentally relies on the integration of key characteristics, including emotional intelligence (EQ), intellectual intelligence (IQ), and personality traits. It encompasses four critical dimensions: self-management, internal motivation, discipline, and self-awareness. Self-management refers to an individual’s ability to effectively organise their time, establish clear goals, and prioritise responsibilities in alignment with their objectives. Internal motivation, on the other hand, serves as a vital driving force that propels individuals to act proactively toward achieving their goals without relying on external rewards or incentives.

Furthermore, self-leadership requires consistency in actions and decision-making, particularly when confronted with challenges that may threaten one’s ambitions or compromise the trustworthiness associated with fulfilling responsibilities. This consistency reflects the resilience and integrity of the individual, serving as tangible evidence of the strength and efficacy of their self-leadership. Such steadfastness not only reinforces personal credibility but also inspires confidence in others.

From an Islamic perspective, self-leadership begins with the understanding that humans are created as caliphs (stewards) on earth, entrusted with responsibilities that require accountability for every action. This foundational concept aligns with the teachings of a hadith that emphasises the importance of individual responsibility and leadership. Abu Barzah al-Aslami narrated that the Messenger of Allah said:

The feet of the slave of Allah shall not move (on the Day of Judgement) until he is asked about five things: about his life and what he did with it; about his knowledge and what he did with it; about his wealth and how he earned it and where he spent it on; about his body and for what did he wear it out.

The most crucial element of self-leadership for a Muslim is tawakkul, which involves placing complete reliance on Allah (SWT) after making informed decisions and taking the necessary actions. This principle is encapsulated in the words of Surah Ali ‘Imraan (3:159), which states, “Then when you have decided (after consultation), then put your trust in Allah. Indeed, Allah loves those who put their trust in Him.” Tawakkul emphasises the balance between personal effort and trust in divine guidance, reminding individuals that ultimate success and outcomes lie with Allah, regardless of the challenges faced.

In summary, true leadership begins with self-mastery. Developing the ability to lead oneself is a fundamental prerequisite before undertaking the responsibility of leading others or managing an organisation. Self-leadership is not a static trait but a continuous process of growth and development. By actively engaging in self-improvement, individuals not only enhance their personal effectiveness but also contribute positively to their teams, organisations, and the broader community they lead. The pursuit of self-leadership, grounded in the principles of Islamic teachings, serves as both personal and collective benefit, promoting success and integrity in all areas of life.

Siti Shamsiah binti Md Supi

Fellow, Centre for the Study of Shariah, Law and Politics

and

Azhani binti Zakaria

Head of Procurement and Administration Unit Institute of Islamic Understanding Malaysia (IKIM)